In sociological research, sampling is a process of selecting units(people or organisations) from a population of interest to study it in order to come up with fairly generalised results. There are different types of sampling; random, quota and systematic sampling etc.
Random sampling is the basic type of sampling in sociological research. In this type of sampling everyone has an equal chance of being selected. In quota sampling the researcher selects people based on a set quota. Systematic sampling is the type of sampling in which people would be selected systematically. For example, every 3rd person would be selected.