Social processes are the various influences that control and regulate human behaviour, and help to keep societies running more or less smoothly and with some day-to-day stability. Two important social processes are socialization and social control.
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Secondary Socialization
yaebizIt refers to the socialization that takes place beyond the family and the close community. It is carried out through agencies of secondary socialization such as the education system, the peer group ( a group of people of similar age ...
Primary Socialization
yaebizPrimary socialization refers to socialization during the early years of childhood, and is carried out the family and the close community. It is during primary socialization that children first begin to learn about the basic values and norms and other ...
How is an individual identified ?
yaebizAn individual is identified by the following: ▪️ Their age ▪️ Their sexual preference ▪️ Their gender ▪️ Their education ▪️ Their nationality ▪️ Their religion ▪️ Their income and the social class they belong to ▪️ Their occupation and ...
Consensus Theory
yaebizThe consensus theory is the approach adopted by functional sociologists. It seems society as a whole working unit, quite similar to a human body. It suggests that just like the human body where every organ depends on the other one ...
Conflict Theory
yaebizThe conflict theory is an approach that sees society as having many social issues and differences, with inequalities in wealth, power and status. All creating conflict between individuals and groups.
The Macro and Micro Approach.
yaebizThe Macro approach is one that focuses on the large scale structure of the society as a whole, while the micro approach is one that focuses on individuals and very small groups of people.
Social Policy
yaebizSocial problems are tackled by the application of social policies. A social policy refers to the plans and actions of national local governments and various voluntary agencies designed to solve social problems and improve the life chances the citizens living ...
Social Problems
yaebizSocial problems are matters that are in some way harmful to members of the society, and that need something to be done to sort them out or the social balance would collapse, causing a chaos in the society. They cause ...
Racism
yaebizRacism is believing or acting as though an individual or a group is superior or inferior on the grounds of racial or ethnic origins, usually based on skin colour or other physical characteristics, and suggesting that groups defined as inferior ...
Stereotype
yaebizA stereotype is a generalized, over simplified view of the features of a social group, allowing for a few individual differences among its members. The assumption that all members of the group share the same features, attitudes and behavioural similarities.
Hidden Curriculum
yaebiz“The Hidden Curriculum” refers to the attitude and behaviour which is taught through the school’s organisation and teacher’s attitudes but which are not part of the formal timetable.
Social Control
yaebizSocial control is the process of persuading or enforcing individuals to conform to the values and norms of a society.
Role Conflict
yaebizRole Conflict is the conflict that arises between the successful performances of two or more roles at the same time.
Consumer Goods
yaebizConsumer goods are products and services that people buy to satisfy their need and desires, such as food, clothes, furniture etc.
Identity
yaebizIdentity is about how individuals see and define themselves and how other people in their sociological environment see or define them.
Culture
yaebizCulture refers to the language, beliefs, values and norms, customs, roles, knowledge and skills which combine to make up the way of life of any society.
Social Term : Objectivity
yaebizObjectivity means approaching topics with an open mind, avoiding any king of bias, and being prepared to submit research evidence that could prove the research of sociologists of the past, wrong.
Social Term : Value Freedom
yaebiz“Value Freedom” is the idea that the personal beliefs and prejudices of the sociologist should not be allowed to influence the way research is carried out and evidence is interpreted.
Socialization
yaebizProcess by which individuals acquire the knowledge, language, social skills, and value to conform to the norms and roles required for integration into a group or community. It is a combination of both self-imposed (because the individual wants to conform) ...
Roles
yaebizRoles are the patterns of behaviour which are expected from people in a society.
Norms
yaebizNorms are social rules which define correct or appropriate behaviour in a society or group.
Values
yaebizValues are general beliefs about what is right and what is not.
Customs
yaebizCustoms are social behavioural rules that have existed for a long time.
Social Institutions
yaebizSocial institutions are the various social arrangements which are found in all societies. For example, the family is an institution which is concerned with arrangements for marriage, such as at what age people marry, whom they can marry and how ...
Sociology
yaebizSociology is the systematic study of human groups and social life in modern societies. It is concerned with the study of social institutions.
How far are family roles equal in the modern industrial societies?
anusheIn the modern industrial societies, equal family roles are arguable.It can be said that family roles are equal to some extent but it cannot be denied that some people still live very traditionally. The dominance of women in the professional ...
Explain why women find it difficult to find equal rights in the family.
anusheThe major reason for such inequality is the stereotypical image of a female. This stereotype pictures a woman as financially dependent, with no right to take family decisions and only live as a house-wive. Despite the increasing dominance of feminist ...
Explain why are divorce rates high in the modern industrial societies?
anusheIn the modern industrial societies divorce is not considered a taboo as earlier, which used to bound people to carry on with their unsuccessful marriages. People now get married with a lot of planning which makes them expect a lot ...
How far and in what ways are families in the modern industrial societies as important as they were in the past?
anusheIt is believed that the importance of families have faded in the modern industrial societies due to modernisation, It is said that with modernisation individual and professional lives are considered more important. They said people who first were living traditionally ...
Sex and Gender
anusheSex and gender is a highly debatable topic as people believe that they are the same thing yet they are not. Sex refers to the biological difference between men and women,such as genitals, internal reproductive organs and body hair. However, ...
Social Control
anusheSocial control is the social process of persuading or forcing individuals to conform to the values and norms. There are two types of social control; formal and informal. Formal social control is that in which the law is used to ...
Role Conflict
anusheRole conflict is a scenario in which the same person has to play several roles at the same time. A perfect example of role conflict is a working mother in a serial packet family system, who not only manages the ...
Socialisation
anusheSocialisation is the process of learning by interacting within social institutions. There are two types of socialisation; primary and secondary. Primary socialisation is the basic and initial socialisation of a child. It is the one within the social institution of ...
Understanding Sociology
anusheSociology and Biological Explanations: Both, sociology and biological explanations have had contradictory view for several years. Biological explanations concentrate on the anatomy of people to evaluate their behaviour and actions in a society. However, sociology concentrates on different social activities, ...
AWA Essay # 11
erumQ. The following appeared in a memorandum issued by a large city’s council on the arts: “In a recent citywide poll, 15 percent more residents said that they watch television about the visual arts than was the case in a ...
AWA Essay # 10
erumQ. The following appeared in the editorial section of a corporate newsletter: “The common notion that workers are generally apathetic about management issues is false, or at least outdated: a recently published survey indicates that 79 percent of the nearly ...
AWA Essay # 9
erumQ. The following appeared as part of an article in the education section of a Waymarsh city newspaper: “Throughout the last two decades, those who earned graduate degrees found it very difficult to get jobs teaching their academic specialties at ...
AWA Essay # 8
erumQ. The following appeared in an announcement issued by the publisher of The Mercury, a weekly newspaper: “Since a competing lower-priced newspaper, The Bugle, was started five years ago. The Mercury’s circulation has declined by 10,000 readers. The best way ...
AWA Essay # 7
erumQ. The following appeared as part of a campaign to sell advertising time on a local radio station to local businesses: “The Cumquat Café began advertising on our local radio station this year and was delighted to see its business ...
AWA Essay # 6
erumQ. The following appeared in a memorandum from the head of a human resources department at a major automobile manufacturing company to the company’s managers: “Studies have found that employees of not-for-profit organizations and charities are often more highly motivated ...
AWA Essay # 5
erumQ. The following appeared as part of a promotional campaign to sell advertising space in the Daily Gazette to grocery stores in the Marston area: “Advertising the reduced price of selected grocery items in the Daily Gazette will help you ...
AWA Essay # 4
erumQ. The following appeared in an article in a health and fitness magazine: “Laboratory studies show that Saluda Natural Spring Water contains several of the minerals necessary for good health and that it is completely free of bacteria. Residents of ...
AWA Essay # 3
erumQ. The following appeared as part of a newspaper editorial: “Two years ago Nova High School began to use interactive computer instruction in three academic subjects. The school dropout rate declined immediately and last year’s graduates have reported some impressive ...
AWA Essay # 2
erumQ. The following appeared in the editorial section of a local newspaper: “In the first four years that Montoya has served as mayor of the city of San Perdito, the population has decreased and the unemployment rate has increased. Two ...
Production: Types of Production and Their Advantages and Disadvantages.
anusheThere are three main types of production; job production, batch production and flow production. Job production is where a single product is made at a time, e.g cakes that are made according to the order given. It is most suitable ...
Promotion and Types of Promotion.
anushePromotion is the publicizing of a product, organization, or venture so as to increase sales or public awareness. Companies/firms promote their business and product in order to introduce a new product onto the market or increase sales of an existing ...
Product Life Cycle
anusheAlike anything a product also has a life cycle. A product life cycle has five stages, introduction, growth, maturity, saturation and decline. Introduction is the most difficult and expensive stage. It is when the product has to launch itself and ...
Marketing Mix: 4Ps of Marketing.
anusheA marketing mix is the combination of product, price, place and promotion in order to make a perfect product. In order to start a business, the producer needs to create a product, which fits the needs the needs and wants ...
Mass Marketing and Niche Marketing.
anusheMass marketing is a way of business marketing in which a business targets the entire market with one basic market strategy. Mass marketing is difficult to start up but it is an easily profitable marketing scheme. It also saves time, ...